Targeted Anti-Fraud Operations in the music industry refer to concerted efforts and initiatives aimed at detecting, preventing, and combating fraudulent activities, particularly streaming fraud. These operations involve various stakeholders, including record labels, streaming platforms, and industry organizations, working together to maintain the integrity of the music ecosystem and ensure fair compensation for artists. Such efforts address issues like artificial streaming, bot-generated plays, and other deceptive practices that undermine legitimate revenue streams and distort consumption metrics. The global music industry loses an estimated $2 billion annually to streaming fraud³.